TPRI: When a student reads a story what are considered errors or not errors?

 Answer

Errors include:

• Mispronunciations – The student pronounces the word incorrectly. This includes
  leaving off -s, -ed and -ing endings and character names each time they are read
  incorrectly.

• Substitutions – The student replaces the correct word with a different word.

• Omissions – The student skips a word.

• Reversals – The student reads adjacent words in the wrong order.

• Hesitations – The student pauses for longer than 3 seconds or takes longer than 3 seconds to sound out a word. In these cases, provide the word and count it as an
  error
  - If the student reads the same word, including names, throughout a story incorrectly, count each incorrect word as a separate error

Items not considered errors:

• Insertions – The student adds a whole word that does not appear in the text.

• Self-corrections – The student makes an error, but then corrects the error.

• Repetitions – The student reads the same word or phrase multiple times.

• Loss of place – The student skips a line or loses their place. Redirect the student to the correct place in the story and allow the stopwatch to continue to run.

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